Vaccines against bacterial and viral pathogens affecting the respiratory system, such as tuberculosis, streptococcal pneumonia, and influenza. The NRC has developed a novel archaeal polar lipid mucosal vaccine adjuvant and delivery (AMVAD) platform capable of generating mucosal and systemic immune responses against a wide range of pathogens that infect mucosal surfaces or use them to gain entry to the body. There is thus a demand for safe, effective, non-replicating mucosal adjuvants and vaccines capable of preventing respiratory infections such as tuberculosis, streptococcal pneumonia, and influenza, as well as sexually transmitted infections such as HIV and genital Chlamydia. The majority of approved vaccines are administered systemically, and fail to elicit effective mucosal immunity. Many microbial pathogens invade their mammalian hosts through the mucosal surfaces of the respiratory, gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts.
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